What is the minimum number of circuits required for a dwelling unit?

The requirement for at least two individual branch circuits for kitchen receptacles reflects the National Electrical Code (NEC) standards that prioritize safety and functionality in home electrical installations. In residential settings, kitchens are major work areas and are subject to higher electrical loads due to the many appliances used.

By mandating a minimum of two individual circuits for kitchen receptacles, the NEC ensures that the electrical system can handle simultaneous usage of multiple appliances—such as refrigerators, microwaves, and toasters—without overloading the circuits. This takes into account the potential demand in the kitchen and helps prevent overheating and tripped breakers, thus enhancing safety.

This requirement strikes a balance between functionality and safety, as it provides ample capacity for kitchen appliances while minimizing the risks associated with running too many appliances on a single circuit.